...Xiaofei Wang; P. S. Hrnjak; S. Elbel; A. M. Jacobi; Maogang He Flow mode transitions for a liquid film falling over flat tubes are studied for a wide range of conditions. Hydraulic oil, ethylene glycol, ethylene-glycol-water mixtures (at three different volume ratios), and water are used as working...

...-film model is employed for 2% mist addition. The wall-film model allows liquid droplets to deposit on the wall surface and form a liquid film based on certain criteria (surface tension, surface superheat, etc.). If the wetting criteria are not satisfied, the droplets will be reflected back from...

... . 10.1115/1.3244242 12 01 2010 14 04 2011 15 08 2011 15 08 2011 ammonia drops film condensation gas mixtures heat transfer liquid films water binary condensation ammonia–water mixtures Marangoni instabilities It is generally accepted that binary vapor...

... / ( K   m 2 ) ) V velocity ( V i of the liquid plug) (m/s) X absolute position at the x axis (m) Greek Symbols Δ difference δ f liquid film thickness (m) γ coefficient in Eq. 4 λ heat...

.... Mode Effects on Sensible Heat Transfer to a Falling Liquid Film ,” ASME J. Heat Transfer 0022-1481 , 118 ( 3 ), pp. 626 – 633 . 10.1115/1.2822678 Liu , P. , 1975 , “ The Evaporating Falling Film on Horizontal Tubes ,” Ph.D. thesis, University of Wisconsin-Madison. Mitrovic , J...

... oscillations laminar flow liquid films pipe flow two-phase flow film evaporation film condensation oscillating heat pipe The increased demand on high performance required by the information technology industry has raised thermal design challenges due to both increased heat dissipation from...

...Yaohua Zhang; Yoshio Utaka; Yuki Kashiwabara Experiments were performed using the laser extinction method to measure the thickness of the liquid film formed by growing flattened bubbles in a microchannel for gap sizes of 0.5 mm, 0.3 mm, and 0.15 mm. Water, ethanol, and toluene were used as test...

... and they scale on the thickness of the fluid layer. This investigation documents the formation of cells in the liquid film in the presence of a uniform-heat-flux lower boundary condition. Liquid crystal thermography was used to image the cells and measure the temperature distribution on the lower surface...

... convection completely with Koh and Sparrow’s solutions shown to be merely four specific cases of the current solution. boundary layers condensation forced convection laminar flow liquid films natural convection two-phase flow mixed convection film condensation noncondensables...

..., the boiling heat transfer of ethanol was studied. It was found that boiling with bubble growth in both upstream and downstream directions leaving behind a thin evaporating liquid film on the tube wall is the dominant phase change process. Wavy patterns on the film surface indicate shear forces between vapor...

...T. W. Ng; A. Narain; M. T. Kivisalu To overcome the limitations/disadvantages of many known liquid film thickness sensing devices (viz. conductivity probes, reflectance based fiber-optics probes, capacitance probes, etc.), a new liquid film thickness sensor that utilizes fluorescence phenomena...

... and vapor film generation on the boiling surfaces has revealed significant insights into the boiling mechanisms at low saturation pressures. 23 03 2009 17 08 2009 29 12 2009 29 12 2009 bubbles film boiling flow visualisation heat transfer liquid films natural convection...

... performed for systems of a liquid film confined between atomistic solid walls. The two solid walls have different temperatures to generate a steady thermal energy flux in the system, which is the element of macroscopic heat conduction flux. Three kinds of liquid molecules and three kinds of solid walls...

..., gravity, phase change, and viscosity. The level set method is used to capture the movement of the liquid-vapor interface. The governing equations are solved using finite difference method. Spray cooling is studied using this model, where a vapor bubble is growing in a thin liquid film on a hot surface...

... caused by the engulfing liquid-film's collapse. Good agreement was found between these predicted time-points and measured changes in the boiling profile. This form of boiling, though being very rapid and sustaining high heat transfer rates, is still calm in nature, therefore, more predictable and widely...

... physical properties of different liquid metals. For liquid sodium, as an example test material, variation in the work function produces order-of-magnitude differences in the film thickness and evaporation profile. evaporation liquid films liquid metals metallic thin films nonlinear differential...

... flow liquid films solutions film condensation similarity solution vertical plate The engineering significance of condensation heat transfer stems from Watt’s steam engine, and remains critical to power and refrigeration applications. Nusselt provided the first rigorous analytical...

...Yasuo Koizumi; Ryou Enari; Hiroyasu Ohtake The behavior of a liquid film that flows down countercurrently along the inner surface of a circular pipe was examined. In the experiments of the present study, silicone oils of 500 cS, 1000 cS, and 3000 cS, as well as water, were used as the liquid phase...

.... evaporation infrared imaging liquid films organic compounds meniscus thin liquid film evaporation diffusion triple line Evaporation from a meniscus serves as the basic mechanism in many two-phase cooling devices such as heat pipes, thermosyphons, vapor chambers, two-phase cold plates...

.... This paper numerically investigates the EHD-conduction pumping of a liquid film in the presence of evaporation. The flow system comprises a liquid film flowing over a two-dimensional flat plate. The vapor phase above the flat plate is extended far beyond the interface. The channel is separated into four...