This paper quantifies the influence of copper (II) oxide (CuO) nanoparticle concentration on the boiling performance of R134a/polyolester mixtures on a roughened horizontal flat surface. Nanofluids are liquids that contain dispersed nanosize particles. Two lubricant-based nanofluids (nanolubricants) were made with a synthetic polyolester and 30 nm diameter CuO particles to 1% and 0.5% volume fractions, respectively. As reported in a previous study for the 1% volume fraction nanolubricant, a 0.5% nanolubricant mass fraction with R134a resulted in a heat transfer enhancement relative to the heat transfer of pure R134a/polyolester (99.5/0.5) between 50% and 275%. The same study had shown that increasing the mass fraction of the 1% volume fraction nanolubricant resulted in smaller, but significant, boiling heat transfer enhancements. The present study shows that the use of a nanolubricant with half the concentration of CuO nanoparticles (0.5% by volume) resulted in either no improvement or boiling heat transfer degradations with respect to the R134a/polyolester mixtures without nanoparticles. Consequently, significant refrigerant/lubricant boiling heat transfer enhancements are possible with nanoparticles; however, the nanoparticle concentration is an important determining factor. Further research with nanolubricants and refrigerants is required to establish a fundamental understanding of the mechanisms that control nanofluid heat transfer.
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Micro/Nanoscale Heat Transfer—Part Ii
Effect of CuO Nanoparticle Concentration on R134a/Lubricant Pool-Boiling Heat Transfer
M. A. Kedzierski
M. A. Kedzierski
National Institute of Standards and Technology
, Building 226, Room B114, Gaithersburg, MD 20899
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M. A. Kedzierski
National Institute of Standards and Technology
, Building 226, Room B114, Gaithersburg, MD 20899J. Heat Transfer. Apr 2009, 131(4): 043205 (7 pages)
Published Online: February 13, 2009
Article history
Received:
April 16, 2008
Revised:
August 8, 2008
Published:
February 13, 2009
Citation
Kedzierski, M. A. (February 13, 2009). "Effect of CuO Nanoparticle Concentration on R134a/Lubricant Pool-Boiling Heat Transfer." ASME. J. Heat Transfer. April 2009; 131(4): 043205. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.3072926
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