... injection event and weak sensitivity to the timing of the first injection. Complementary high-speed imaging experiments were conducted with the same engine where the fuel spray and combustion characteristics were visualized during cold-start split-injection operation. The imaging data showed the sources...

...Bradley T. Zigler; Stephen M. Walton; Dimitris Assanis; Elizabeth Perez; Margaret S. Wooldridge; Steven T. Wooldridge High-speed imaging combined with the optical access provided by a research engine offer the ability to directly image and compare ignition and combustion phenomena of various fuels...

...-centres internal combustion engines testing combustion emission pressure imaging parameter estimation Heavy-duty turbocharged aftercooled (HDTCA) engines met EURO III emission regulations in 1999 incorporating the following technologies ( 1 2 3 ): • Four valve cylinder head...