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Journal of Biomechanical Engineering | Volume 137 | Issue 8 | research-article
Research Papers

Evaluating the Effect of Sinex® (0.05% Oxymetazoline) Nasal Spray on Reduction of Nasal Congestion Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

[+] Author and Article Information
Aravind Kishore

UC Simulation Center,
Department of Mechanical and
Materials Engineering,
University of Cincinnati,
PO Box 210072,
Cincinnati, OH 45221
e-mail: kishora@email.uc.edu

Lauren Blake

UC Simulation Center,
Department of Mechanical and
Materials Engineering,
University of Cincinnati,
PO Box 210072,
Cincinnati, OH 45221
e-mail: blakeln@mail.uc.edu

Chengming Wang

Procter & Gamble Company (P&G),
8700 Mason-Montgomery Road,
Mason, OH 45040
e-mail: wang.c.4@pg.com

Shan Ba

Procter & Gamble Company (P&G),
8700 Mason-Montgomery Road,
Mason, OH 45040
e-mail: ba.s@pg.com

Gary Gross

Procter & Gamble Company (P&G),
8611 Beckett Road,
E142,
West Chester, OH 45069
e-mail: gross.gj@pg.com

1Corresponding author.

Manuscript received November 12, 2014; final manuscript received March 6, 2015; published online June 23, 2015. Assoc. Editor: Naomi Chesler.

J Biomech Eng 137(8), 081011 (Aug 01, 2015) (9 pages) Paper No: BIO-14-1625; doi: 10.1115/1.4030825 History: Received November 12, 2014; Revised March 06, 2015; Online June 23, 2015
Article
References
Figures
Tables

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to simulate air flow changes in reconstructed nasal passages based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from a previous clinical study of 0.05% Oxymetazoline (Vicks Sinex Micromist®). Total-pressure boundary conditions were uniquely applied to accommodate low patency subjects. Net nasal resistance, the primary simulation outcome, was determined using a parallel-circuit analogy and compared across treatments. Relative risk (RR) calculations show that for a 50% reduction in nasal resistance, subjects treated with Sinex® are 9.1 times more likely to achieve this after 8 hr, and 3.2 times more likely after 12 hr compared to Sham.
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References

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Figures

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Fig. 1

Nasal passages (darker gray region) reconstructed from MRI slices using Simpleware. Face included for illustrative purposes only.

+Nasal passages (darker gray region) reconstructed from MRI slices using Simpleware. Face included for illustrative purposes only.
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Nasal passages (darker gray region) reconstructed from MRI slices using Simpleware. Face included for illustrative purposes only.
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Fig. 2

Calculation of nasal resistance; steeper slopes indicate higher nasal resistance

+Calculation of nasal resistance; steeper slopes indicate higher nasal resistance
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Calculation of nasal resistance; steeper slopes indicate higher nasal resistance
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Fig. 3

3D CAD models reconstructed from MRI slices of subject NN (Sinex®) at the three time points qualitatively show an increase in flow volume after treatment

+3D CAD models reconstructed from MRI slices of subject NN (Sinex®) at the three time points qualitatively show an increase in flow volume after treatment
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3D CAD models reconstructed from MRI slices of subject NN (Sinex®) at the three time points qualitatively show an increase in flow volume after treatment
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Fig. 4

Flow path lines in nasal passages of subject NN (Sinex®) at three time points: (a) predose, (b) 8 hr post-treatment, and (c) 12 hr post-treatment. Dashed box showing location of nasal valve in predose image.

+Flow path lines in nasal passages of subject NN (Sinex®) at three time points: (a) predose, (b) 8 hr post-treatment, and (c) 12 hr post-treatment. Dashed box showing location of nasal valve in predose image.
View Large  |  Save Figure  |  Download Slide (.ppt)
Flow path lines in nasal passages of subject NN (Sinex®) at three time points: (a) predose, (b) 8 hr post-treatment, and (c) 12 hr post-treatment. Dashed box showing location of nasal valve in predose image.
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Fig. 5

Nasal passage anatomy (coronal view) SM: superior meatus; MM: medial meatus; IM: inferior meatus

+Nasal passage anatomy (coronal view) SM: superior meatus; MM: medial meatus; IM: inferior meatus
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Nasal passage anatomy (coronal view) SM: superior meatus; MM: medial meatus; IM: inferior meatus
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Fig. 6

Scatter plots for percentage reduction of nasal resistance: (a) after 8 hr; (b) after 12 hr

+Scatter plots for percentage reduction of nasal resistance: (a) after 8 hr; (b) after 12 hr
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Scatter plots for percentage reduction of nasal resistance: (a) after 8 hr; (b) after 12 hr
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Fig. 7

Chart of Relative Risk (RR) reductions of 50% or more at both time points

+Chart of Relative Risk (RR) reductions of 50% or more at both time points
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Chart of Relative Risk (RR) reductions of 50% or more at both time points

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